Alignment

• The process of adjusting parts so that they are in relation position. Alignment is the process of identification with something/someone. 
• Spectators are encouraged to relate to characters emotions as well as adapt their points of view, through aspects of micro and macro. 
• The emotional impact of a film commonly depends on spectators alignment with central characters. 
• The filmmaker can align spectators to characters through: Cinematography - a close up positions the spectator closer to a character and alternatively a wide shot would put a distance to the spectator and character, Sound - certain sounds or music are used to highlight and guide our responses, Themes/Content - depending on the subject matter of the film we can be manipulated if the issues portrayed affect us on a personal level.
• Film makers often use existing genre conventions, the 'under dog' story, sympathetic characters and situations, place characters in realistic scenarios, use realistic emotions and play on audiences fears to affect the spectators emotional response. 

Audience - a group experience who share the same or similar meanings. 

Spectator - an individual experience characterised by certain personal connections to the text.